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OTC and prescription eye drops and ointments

There are many eye problems such as dry eye and itching, for which eye drop and ointment are important. Eye drop and ointment are available both in over-the-counter (OTC) type and prescription type. Eye drops can ease many more eye problems, including redness, allergies, soreness, swelling, mattering, and infections.

Both internal and external factors can cause dry eyes, such as tired body, prolonged computer use, windy environment and sunny conditions. Common OTC eye drops can simply provide relief for temporary dry eye caused by these factors. OTC eye drops add various tear elements in your eyes and make them perform better, while decongestant eye drops function by shrinking the outer blood vessels in your eyes' white parts.

Chronic or long-term dry eyes can be caused by aging, decongestants, diuretics and antidepressants, which determine the type of eye drops you should choose. A gel or ointment either in preserved or non-preserved form is always used to cure long-term dryness. People use gels need several minutes to recover clear vision so that most of the people use gels only before sleeping. For severe dry eyes, some special OTC ointments and prescription eye drops may be prescribed by your doctor.

Immunometabolism: The New Frontier

Every now and then rather jaw-dropping research is published, as is the case this week as the journal Nature Medicine published three groundbreaking articles linking the function of immune cells to obesity and diabetes – data which opens the door to solving all kinds of health problems including the obesity issue itself, inefficient immune response to the flu in overweight individuals, as well as obesity-related autoimmune problems.

It has been known for a number of years that the extra pounds of fat in an overweight person are generating significant amounts of immune-related inflammatory signals such as TNFa and IL6. Such inflammation not only damages the stored fat so that it is less metabolically responsive, it has been shown to induce inflammatory damage around the body leading to increased rates of heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and joint destruction.

What hasn’t been understood are the changes within stored fat that result in this inflammatory state. The new research goes a long way towards explaining exactly how this happens and the mechanism is startling. It involves the function of various T regulator cells of the immune system, cells that until this point were never thought to have anything to do with metabolism and body weight.

Here are links to abstracts of these studies:
Linking T cells and Glucose Uptake by Fat Cells – A study explaining changes in T cells that directly influence metabolism.
How Fat Inflammation Gets Going - A study explaining how these changes in T cells cause inflammation.
Antihistamines Prevent Obesity and Diabetes – A study showing one way to help address this issue is with the use of antihistamines (one of the drugs tested is a synthetic version of quercetin, nature’s most potent natural anti-histamine).

We think of our immune system as our main defense against foreign invaders, which is of course true. Science over the past decade has placed the immune system in the communication business in general, especially within the nervous system. The immune system also orchestrates the repair process of your body during sleep. Leptin, the hormone that is commander and chief of your metabolism, is structured like an immune cytokine, indicating a high likelihood of cross talk between immune cells and hormones relating to metabolism.